Intercomparisons on the vertical profiles of cloud microphysical properties from CloudSat retrievals over the North China Plain

2023-10-19

Vertical profiles of cloud microphysical properties importantly determine the lifetime and precipitation rate of clouds. The 94-GHz cloud profiling radar onboard the CloudSat satellite can measure the vertical profile of radar reflectivity, from which the microphysical properties of cloud can be retrieved. The retrievals bear variations due to various assumptions and auxiliary products used. This ...

Multiple pathways of the ENSO influence on boreal summer western North Pacific synoptic-scale disturbance intensity

2023-10-19

The tropical western North Pacific displays prominent synoptic-scale disturbances (SSD) during boreal summer. Those SSDs play an important role in tropical weather and climate by inducing extremely heavy rainfall events, leading to the genesis of tropical cyclones (TC) over the tropical WNP, and contributing to the onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon. In this study, Gu et al. (2023) invest...

Persistence or transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation across boreal winter

2023-10-19

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is an important mode of climate variability over the North Atlantic Ocean. Climate anomalies over North America and Europe are closely related to the phase of the NAO. The persistence, decay or switch of the NAO phase across the boreal winter determines whether the NAO-related climate anomalies are sustained, weakened or reversed during the boreal winter. In th...

Ediacaran magmatism and rifting along the northern margin of the Tarim craton: Implications for the late Neoproterozoic Rodinia configuration and breakup

2022-05-16

The Sinian (Ediacaran) Period was the last geological stage of Precambrian history during the evolution of the Earth. During the Sinian, the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent induced the reorganization of the plate tectonic pattern of the Earth's lithosphere, the global magmatism and large-scale mineralization, which also had a significant impact on the evolution of continental geomorpholo...

Mid–Neoproterozoic collision of the Tarim Craton with the Yili–Central Tianshan Block towards the final assembly of Supercontinent Rodinia: A new model

2022-03-29

The Neoproterozoic was a very important period in the global tectonic evolution, during which the assembly and breakup of the Supercontinent Rodinia occurred. Central Asian blocks such as the Tarim Craton, Yili, and Central Tianshan preserved rich geological records such as Proterozoic stratigraphy, structural deformation, metamorphism and magmatism (Figure 1). Domestic scholars have also noticed ...

More or Less: How Do Inhomogeneous Sea-Salt Aerosols Affect the Precipitation of Landfalling Tropical Cyclones?

2022-02-23

For the landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) over the western North Pacific, the intrusion of dry air into the TCs is extensive and significant since the dry air may come from both a high-pressure system and the dry mid-to-high-latitude continent. Under the dry environment, the sea-salt aerosols (SSAs) appear to be coated inhomogeneous spheres according to previous findings. However, the physical p...

Modified frequency–Bessel transform method for dispersion imaging of Rayleigh waves from ambient seismic noise

2022-02-22

Higher mode information of surface waves is important in dispersion curve inversion for shear wave velocity structure. The frequency–Bessel (F-J) transform method is an effective tool for multimode surface wave extraction. The measured dispersion energy with the F-J method, however, would usually be contaminated by a type of ‘crossed’ artefacts at high frequencies. Xi et al. (2021) propose a mod...

Improving the retrieval of high-frequency surface waves from ambient noise through multichannel-coherency-weighted stack

2022-02-22

Seismic interferometry is becoming increasingly popular in urban areas due to its ability to retrieve high-frequency surface waves from abundant anthropogenic seismic noise, hence the need for advanced processing schemes in resolving complex environments. Liu et al. (2021) obtain the multichannel coherency by summing the local phase coherencies in a time window and propose the multichannel-co...

Pseudo-linear-array analysis of passive surface waves based on beamforming

2022-02-22

Linear arrays are usually deployed for passive surface-wave investigations because of their high efficiency and convenience. However, the limited azimuthal coverage lacks the ability to attenuate velocity overestimation caused by directional noise sources. Liu et al. (2020) propose to add two more offline receivers to a conventional linear array for compensating the azimuthal coverage and then the...

Passive surface-wave waveform inversion for source-velocity joint imaging

2022-02-22

Reliable dispersion measurement between two seismic stations is an essential basis of surface wave imaging. Noise source directivity has become an inescapable obstacle and a main concern for passive seismic survey: it basically breaks the principle of Green’s function retrieval in travel-time tomography; moreover, the azimuthal effect of heterogeneous ambient noise sources will inherently cause d...

Nonlinear enhancement of radiative absorption by black carbon in response to particle mixing structure

2022-02-22

Absorption by black carbon (BC) in the atmosphere strongly affects radiative balance and global climate. The large discrepancies in observed and modeled BC absorption enhancements raise a hot debate. Through applying a new 3D shape model based on electron microscope observations, we propose a new framework that estimates BC absorption enhancement through accounting for detailed mixing st...

Constructing shapes and mixing structures of black carbon particles with applications to optical calculations

2022-02-22

Black carbon (BC) is a kind of ubiquitous atmospheric aerosol with strong optical absorption in the atmosphere. BC can influence the regional and global climate by disturbing the energy balance of the earth and atmosphere. At present, it is challenging to precisely estimate the BC optical properties using instruments and numerical models because of its complex morphology and mixing structures in i...

A new 3-D resistivity formulation helps interpretation of the laminated structure in the lower crust

2022-02-22

Deep reflection seismic data reveal that laminated structure is widely developed in the middle-to-lower crust of the continent, but no consensus has been reached for its genesis. Reflective laminated structures ranging from tens of meters to tens of kilometers can be produced by a variety of geological processes, and other physical parameters such as resistivity can constrain the nature of this la...

Traffic-induced surface waves can be used in near-surface imaging

2022-02-22

Accurate understanding of near-surface structures of the solid earth is challenging, especially in urban areas where active source seismic surveys are constrained and difficult to perform. The analysis of anthropogenic seismic noise provides an alternative way to image the shallow subsurface in urban environments. Mi et al. (2022) present a case study of using traffic noise with seismic interferom...